The federal estate tax exemption helps determine how much wealth can pass to heirs tax-free, but knowing the filing rules is just as important for avoiding costly surprises. In 2026, understanding who must file, when a return is required, and how the exemption applies can make estate planning much simpler.

The gift tax annual exclusion can be a powerful way to support loved ones while keeping your tax paperwork simple. Here’s how much you may be able to give tax-free in 2026 and what rules to watch for before making a gift.